Cellsome® made from Natural Phosphatidylcholine (PC) Lipid Extracts
Description
Cellsome®-Natural PC extract catalog is composed of many liposomes made from phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipids that are made from natural lipids that are extracted from egg yolk, soybean, tissues and organs such as brain, heart and liver with and without cholesterol. Adding 30% cholesterol makes the liposomes serum stable and is necessary when the liposomes are used in the presence of serum.
Liposomes made from egg PC, contain both saturated and unsaturated lipids. These liposomes contain0.2% of the 14:0 lipid, 32.7% 16:0 lipid, 12.3% 18:0 lipid, 1.1% 16:1 lipid, 32% 18:1 lipid, 17.1% 18:2 lipid, 0.2% 20:2 lipid, and 0.3% 20:3 lipid, 2.7% 20:4 lipid and 0.4% 22:6 lipid.
Liposomes made from Brain PC contain both saturated and unsaturated lipids. They contain 0.3% 14:0 lipid, 30.6% 16:0 lipids, 16.5% 18:0 lipid, 0.9% 16:1 lipid, 33.3 % 18:1 lipid, 1.1% 18:2 lipid, 0.8% 20:1 lipid, 0.2% 20:3 lipid, 3.1% 20:4 lipid and 0.6% 22:6 lipid.
Liposomes made from Heart PC also contain 40% plasmalogen ether lipid. Ether lipids are more stable and do not get hydrolyzed. Heart PC also contains saturated and unsaturated lipids. It contains about 23% 16:0 lipid, 7% 18:0 lipid, 11% 18:1 lipid, 43% 18:2 lipid and 6% 20:4 lipid.
Liver PC also contains saturated and unsaturated lipids. Almost half of the lipids are saturated and the other half unsaturated. It is composed of 14% 16:0 lipid, 33% 18:0 lipid, 17% 18:1 lipid, 12% 18:2 lipid, 8% 20:3 lipid and 7% 20:4 lipid.
Soy PC also contains saturated and unsaturated lipids. Soy PC is mostly composed of unsaturated lipids and have a larger percentage of unsaturated PCs compare to egg, brain, heart and liver extracted PCs. Liposomes made from Soy PC contain 14.9% 16:0 lipid, 3.7% 18:0 lipid, 11.4% 18:1 lipid, 63% 18:2 lipid and 5.7% 18:3 lipid.
Formulation Information
Cellsome® made from Natural Phosphatidylcholine (PC) Lipid Extracts
For more information on the lipid composition of the liposomes mentioned above click here.
| Buffer and Liposome Size | Specification |
|---|---|
| Buffer | Phosphate Buffered Saline* |
| pH | 7.4 |
| Liposome size | 100 nm |
| * If you prefer different buffers, please specify in your order. | |
Liposome Particle Calculator
Cellsome® liposomes made from natural phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipid extracts are unilamellar and sized to 100 nm. The molar concentration of liposome is 10 mM. By having the liposome diameter (nm) and lipid concentration (µM), you can calculate the total number of the lipids in one liposome and number of the liposomes in one milliliter of the liposome solution. To use the calculator click here.
Each 100-nm liposome is composed of almost 80,000 phospholipid molecules. 10 mM liposome solution (phospholipid concentration of 10 mM) has 75.2 trillion (75.2×1012) liposome particles per milliliter of the solution. When using the liposomes calculator, you need to keep two things in mind:
- Enter the concentration in µM. As an example, 10 mM solution is 10,000 µM.
- Only include the concentration of phospholipids in your calculation. Cholesterol does not count since it inserts itself into the hydrophobic fatty acid chains of the lipid.
This calculation only works for the unilamellar liposomes which are below 200 nm in size. It does not work for larger multilamellar liposomes. For more information about the calculation see the video below:
Technical Notes
- All natural PC extracts are composed of both saturated and unsaturated lipids. The unsaturated lipid has “kinky legs” and therefore it makes a loosely packed regions in liposomes. Saturated lipids make tightly packed regions in liposomes. The packaging of the liposomes will impact the interaction of the molecules with the surface of the liposomes.
- Various PC extracts contain various lipids. Egg, liver and brain extracted PCs almost contain half saturated and half unsaturated phospholipids. Soy PC has the less than 20% saturated PC and is mostly composed of unsaturated PC.
- Liposomes are unilamellar and sized to 100 nm. If you need them to be made in another size, then you should mention that at the time of ordering. Unilamellar liposomes can be made in 50 nm and 200 nm sizes. Liposomes that are larger than 200 nm are multilamellar structure.
- Liposomes are made in PBS buffer at pH 7.4 but it can be made in any other buffer of your choice. You can specify your buffer at the time of ordering.
- Liposomes are made in degassed buffer that is purged with argon to avoid oxidation of the unsaturated phospholipids.
- Liposomes are made under sterile condition.
- Liposomes are unilamellar and therefore due to their small size they will not settle in the bottom of the vial.
- If you need to take multiple aliquots out of the vial, for use over a period of time, then it is advised to take extreme care in not contaminating the vial. It is recommended to handle the vial under a sterile hood to maintain the sterility of the product.
- Liposomes should never be frozen. Ice crystals that form during freezing will rupture the lipid membrane of the liposomes and change the size the liposomes particles.
- Liposomes should be kept in refrigerator at 4°C in order to avoid the hydrolysis of the liposomes.
Appearance
Cellsome® made from natural phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipid extracts is a white translucent liquid made of nano size unilamellar liposomes. Usually due to the small size of liposomes no settling will occur in the bottom of the vial. The liposomes are packaged in an amber vial.
Ordering/Shipping Information
- All liposome based formulations are shipped on blue ice at 4°C in insulated packages using overnight shipping or international express shipping.
- Liposomes should NEVER be frozen. Ice crystals that form in the lipid membrane can rupture the membrane and change the size of the liposomes. Liposomes in liquid form should always be kept in the refrigerator.
- Clients who order from outside of the United States of America are responsible for their government import taxes and customs paperwork. Encapsula NanoSciences is NOT responsible for importation fees to countries outside of the United States of America.
- We strongly encourage the clients in Japan, Korea, Taiwan and China to order via a distributor. Tough customs clearance regulations in these countries will cause delay in custom clearance of these perishable formulations if ordered directly through us. Distributors can easily clear the packages from customs. To see the list of the distributors click here.
- Clients ordering from universities and research institutes in Australia should keep in mind that the liposome formulations are made from synthetic material and the formulations do not require a “permit to import quarantine material”. Liposomes are NOT biological products.
- If you would like your institute’s FedEx or DHL account to be charged for shipping, then please provide the account number at the time of ordering.
- Encapsula NanoSciences has no control over delays due to inclement weather or customs clearance delays. You will receive a FedEx or DHL tracking number once your order is confirmed. Contact FedEx or DHL in advance and make sure that the paperwork for customs is done on time. All subsequent shipping inquiries should be directed to Federal Express or DHL.
Storage and Shelf Life
Storage
Cellsome® products should always be stored at in the dark at 4°C, except when brought to room temperature for brief periods prior to animal dosing. DO NOT FREEZE. If the suspension is frozen, the encapsulated drug can be released from the liposomes thus limiting its effectiveness. In addition, the size of the liposomes will also change upon freezing and thawing.
Shelf Life
Cellsome® made from natural phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipid extracts is made on daily basis. The batch that is shipped is manufactured on the same day. It is advised to use the products within 4 months of the manufacturing date.
